Fig. 5From: Integrated experimental and technoeconomic evaluation of two-stage Cu-catalyzed alkaline–oxidative pretreatment of hybrid poplarComparison of installed costs and raw material costs between the three process scenarios considered by TEA. These scenarios are then compared to a “hypothetical case” 120 °C NaOH-H2O pre-extraction process that reduces H2O2, enzyme, and bpy loadings in concert. Note that raw material costs in this figure include the by-product revenue from electricity salesBack to article page