Table 2 Separation performance of VSVP process for butanol recovery from binary aqueous solution under extreme temperature conditions
Temperature (°C) | Flux (g/m2 h) | Butanol separation factor | Butanol titer in permeate (g/L) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Feed solution | Membrane surroundings | Total | Butanol | ||
37 | 37 | 90.3 ± 2.1 | 33.8 ± 2.0 | 39.1 ± 3.4 | 344.0 ± 12.7 |
70 | 0 | 117.7 ± 6.1 | 80.7 ± 6.2 | 142.7 ± 15.5 | 591.2 ± 17.9 |
0 | 70 | 6.4 ± 0.5 | 0.5 ± 0.1 | 5.7 ± 0.4 | 78.7 ± 4.3 |
70 | 70 | 315.8 ± 17.5 | 111.7 ± 8.1 | 35.8 ± 2.6 | 326.7 ± 14.6 |