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Table 5 Comparison of separation performance and energy required for in situ ABE recovery

From: A novel close-circulating vapor stripping-vapor permeation technique for boosting biobutanol production and recovery

Recovery method

Butanol in broth (g/L)

Solvent in condensate (g/L)

Butanol separation factor

A/E/W composition (g/g-butanol)c

Temperature, (broth/feed, condensation), (°C)

Energy required (kJ/g-butanol)e

References

Butanol

ABE

PV

2.7–10.1

35–64

63–117

13.7–15.7

0.69/0.13/16.6

35, − 2

85.0

[39]

PV

3.2–6.8

~ 60.7

~ 74.1

7–19

0.19/0.02/15.0

36, 0d

76.4

[40]

GS

6.0–12.4

115–160

140–195

15.8–22.2

0.23/0.04/6.20

37, 1

32.6

[42]

GS

8–13

150.5

195.9

~ 17.4

0.26/0.04/5.12

37, 2

27.3

[13]

GS–GSa

3.5–14.6

175.6

227.0

 

0.24/0.05/4.18

37, 2

22.6

[4]

  

420.3

593.2

–

0.15/0.03/0.60

37, 2

3.9

GS–PVa

7.7–14.2

155.6

199.9

 

0.23/0.05/4.92

37d, 2

26.2

[41]

  

521.3

622.9

97.8

0.13/0.01/0.32

80, − 196

5.2

GS–PVb

10–12

108.3

177.6

 

0.44/0.19/7.37

37, − 5

39.0

[17]

  

482.6

706.7

76.8–92.3

0.33/0.10/0.41

~25, − 196

5.1

VSVP

7.0–11.4

212.7

339.3

27.8–29.0

0.56/0.02/2.88

37, − 196

19.6

This study

  1. aThe second-stage recovery was employed to separate solvent in aqueous phase after GS process
  2. bNo phase separation between two-stage separation
  3. cFor each gram of butanol recovered in single-stage separation process, the corresponding quantities of acetone (A), ethanol (E), and water (W) were contained in condensate. And the individual amounts were calculated from ABE titer in condensate
  4. dThe data in parentheses are not mentioned in literatures, and speculated according to operation conditions
  5. eThe data of energy required for in situ ABE recovery are not provided in the cited literatures, and these values were calculated according to the same rule as described in the text. Additionally, only vaporization energy of 19.34 kJ/g-butanol was calculated by Cai et al. [17], and the energy requirement should be 39.0 kJ/g-butanol if in consideration of both vaporization and condensation (other 0.32 kJ/g-butanol for cooling liquid)