Table 2 Different inulinase-producing microorganisms and inulinase activity

Molds

Exo-

Aspergillus fumigatus

62

60

6.0

1.25 mM

3.47 × 10⁴/min

Activated by K⁺ and Cu²⁺; inhibited 5 mM Hg²⁺ and Fe²⁺

[49]

Exo-

Endo-

Aspergillus niger NK-126

52.3 U/mL

65

55

5.0

5.3 ± 1.1 mM

402.1 ± 53.1 µmol/min/mg

Activated by Cu²⁺; inhibited by Fe²⁺

[32, 44]

Exo-

Aspergillus niger SL-09

230 U/mL

[33]

Exo-

Aspergillus niveus 4128URM

11 U/mL

45

4.0 and 4.8

[61]

Exo-

Aspergillus ficuum SK004

53.1 U/mL

60

4.5

[62]

Exo-

Endo-

Aspergillus ficuum JNSP5-06

205.6302 U/gds

Exo-I: 70

Exo-II: 40

Exo-III: 46

Endo-I: 34

Endo-II: 31

Exo-I: 4.5

Exo-II: 4.5

Exo-III: 4.5

Endo-I: 5.0

Exo-II: 5.0

Exo-I: 43.1 mg/mL

Exo-II: 31.5 mg/mL

Exo-III: 25.3 mg/mL

Endo-I: 14.8 mg/mL Endo-II: 25.6 mg/mL

Inhibited by Ag⁺ Fe²⁺ and Al³⁺

[63, 64]

Endo-

Aspergillus tritici

25.01 U/mL

[65]

Endo-

Penicillium sp. TN-88

9.9 U/mL

68

50

5.2

0.20 mM at 40 °C and pH 5.0

Inhibited by Ag⁺ and Hg⁺

[54]

Yeasts

Exo-

Kluyveromyces marxianus YS-1

55.4 U/mL

50

5.5

Activated by Mn²⁺ and Ca²⁺; inhibited by Hg²⁺ and Ag²⁺

[34, 47]

Exo-

Kluyveromyces sp. S120

409.8 U/gds

50

5.5

10.63 mg/mL

15.72 mg/(mL s)

Activated by Mn²⁺, Mg²⁺ and Ca²⁺; inhibited by Zn²⁺, Cu²⁺ and Fe²⁺

[66, 67]

Exo-

K. marxianus ATCC 16045

121 U/mL

59

[68]

Exo-

Cryptococcus aureus G7a

85.0 ± 1.1 U/mL

60.0

50

5

20.0602 mg/mL

0.008502 mg/min

Activated by Ca²⁺, K⁺, Na⁺, Fe2 + and Cu2 + ; inhibited by Mg²⁺, Hg²⁺, and Ag⁺

[69, 70]

Exo-

P. guilliermondii M-30

127.7 U/mL

57.6

60

6

[38, 71]

Bacteria

Exo-

Streptomyces sp. GNDU-1

0.552 U/mL

60

5.5

[72]

Exo-

Paenibacillus polymyxa ZJ-9

0.45 U/mL

56

25

6.0

1.72 mM

21.69 μmol/min/mg

Activated by Zn²⁺, Fe²⁺, and Mg²⁺; inhibited by Co²⁺, Cu²⁺

[73]

Endo-

Arthrobacter sp. S37

10.8 U/mL

75

50

7.5

[74, 75]

Endo-

Bacillus smithii T7

135.2 U/mL

70

4.5

[39]

Endo-

Bacillus safensis AS-08

28.67 U/mL

[76]