Fig. 1

Engineering of E. coli cells for the production of TAG rich in MCFA. Glycolytic pathway, fatty acid biosynthesis II pathway (FASII), fatty acid degradation pathway (β-oxidation), and the reconstructed acyl-CoA-dependent Kennedy pathway are shown in different background colours. Heterologous proteins are highlighted in red. LD lipid droplet, PAP phosphatidic acid phosphatase, MCFAs medium-chain fatty acids, TE acyl-ACP thioesterase, ACS acyl-CoA synthetase, WS/DGAT wax ester synthase/acyl-Coenzyme A:diacylglycerol acyltransferase, AccABCD acetyl-CoA carboxyltransferase, FabA 3-hydroxydecanoyl-ACP dehydrase, FabB 3-ketoacyl-ACP synthase I, FabD malonyl-CoA-ACP transacylase, FabF 3-ketoacyl-ACP synthase II, FabG 3-oxo-acyl-ACP reductase, FabH 3-ketoacyl-ACP synthase III, FabI enoyl-ACP reductase, TesA acyl-CoA thioesterase I, FadA 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase, FadB dodecenoyl-CoA delta-isomerase, FadD fatty acyl-CoA synthetase, FadE acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, GlpF glycerol MIP channel, GlpK glycerol kinase, PlsB glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase, PlsC 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase, PgpB phosphatidylglycerophosphatase B, DgkA diacylglycerol kinase