Efficient metabolic evolution of engineered Yarrowia lipolytica for succinic acid production using a glucose-based medium in an in situ fibrous bioreactor under low-pH condition

Table 1 Summary of SA fermentation at different pH via metabolic evolution

pH	Batch number	Glucose consumption rate (g/L/h)	Relative specific growth rate^a (100%)	SA titer (g/L)	SA productivity (g/L/h)	SA yield (g/g)	Pyruvate (g/L)	Acetate (g/L)
6	1–8	1.46 ± 0.18	144 ± 22	20.0 ± 0.7	0.44 ± 0.04	0.30 ± 0.03	2.5 ± 0.2	15.7 ± 1.6
5	9–16	1.05 ± 0.57	87 ± 56	18.7 ± 1.2	0.36 ± 0.14	0.24 ± 0.01	6.7 ± 0.2	3.2 ± 0.6
4	17–21	2.33 ± 0.21	131 ± 34	21.1 ± 1.2	0.67 ± 0.05	0.29 ± 0.02	5.9 ± 0.2	N.D
3	22–28	1.82 ± 0.11	90 ± 19	19.7 ± 0.5	0.49 ± 0.02	0.27 ± 0.01	1.0 ± 0	N.D
Without control (i.e. 2.1–2.5)	29–31	2.18 ± 0.05	177 ± 7	7.4 ± 0.7	0.20 ± 0.02	0.09 ± 0.01	1.0 ± 0.1	N.D

^aThe relative specific growth rate was calculated by setting the specific growth rate of the first batch (0.18 h⁻¹) as 100%

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