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Table 3 Typical adaptive laboratory evolution experiments with microalgae

From: Microalgae for the production of lipid and carotenoids: a review with focus on stress regulation and adaptation

Microalgal species

Selection pressure

Selection time

Performance

References

Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

Nitrogen limitation

50 days

The numbers of intracellular lipid bodies was massively increased

[110]

Crypthecodinium cohnii

Inhibitory concentration of glucose

650 days

High biomass and lipid accumulation was achieved

[115]

Rhodococcus opacus

High glycerol concentration

22 days

The conversion of glycerol into TAG was improved

[116]

Rhodococcus opacus

Phenol as sole carbon source

40 passages

The lipid production was increased by twofold

[117]

Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

Nitrogen starvation

84 days

Lipid productivity was increased by 2.36 times

[118]

Chlorella vulgaris

660 nm LEDs

114 days

Maximum biomass density was achieved

[119]

Dunaliella salina

Combined blue and red light

80 days

Increase of accumulation of carotenoids under combined blue and red light

[110]

Phaeodactylum tricornutum

Combined blue and red light

60 days

Increase of biomass production and fucoxanthin accumulation

[122]

Chlorella sp.

10% and 20% CO2

97 days

Enhanced CO2 fixation capability and carotenoids accumulation

[123]

Schizochytrium sp.

Agitation at 230 rpm

40 days

Maximum cell dry weight and DHA yield were observed

[131]