Fig. 5

Regulation of amylase and cellulase gene expression by TpRfx1 in T. pinophilus. Expression levels of the tested genes in the ∆TpRfx1 were normalized against the parental strain ∆TpKu70. **P ≤ 0.01 and *P ≤ 0.05 between ∆TpRfx1 and ∆TpKu70 by Student t test. All experiments were independently performed in triplicate. a Expression levels of 24 amylase genes, including five α-amylase genes, five glucoamylase genes, one gene encoding a 1,4-α-glucan-branching enzyme, and 13 α-glucosidase genes. Samples were prepared from fungal strains grown on medium containing SCS for 48 h after shifting from glucose. b Expression levels of seven amylase genes, including two α-amylase genes, two glucoamylase genes, and three α-glucosidase genes, under SCS induction. Transcriptional levels were measured by RT-qPCR at three time points (12, 24, and 48 h) after shifting from glucose. c Expression levels of three cellulase genes, including one cellobiohydralase gene (cbh1), one endo-β-1,4-glucanase gene (eg1), and β-1,4-glucosidase gene (bgl1), under WA induction. Transcriptional levels were measured with RT-qPCR at three time points (12, 24, and 48 h) after shifting from glucose