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Table 1 Conditions used in the steam pretreatment of ensiled lucerne

From: Reduced use of phosphorus and water in sequential dark fermentation and anaerobic digestion of wheat straw and the application of ensiled steam-pretreated lucerne as a macronutrient provider in anaerobic digestion

Pretreatment

Catalyst

Temp (°C)

Time (min)

1

No catalyst

200

5

2

No catalyst

200

10

3

No catalyst

210

5

4

1 wt% acetic acid

190

10

5

1 wt% acetic acid

200

5

6

1 wt% acetic acid

210

5