Fig. 1

CBMs (cartoon) from families 4, 17, and 28 with bound cello-oligomers (green and red sticks). Binding site aromatic residues are shown in a dark blue stick representation. The structures, Cellulomonas fimi CBM4-1, Clostridium cellulovorans CBM17, and Clostridium josui CBM28, were obtained from crystal structures with PDB IDs 1GU3, 1J84, and 3ACI, respectively. After structural alignment of the β-sandwich proteins, the family 4 and 17 CBM cello-oligomer is bound in the same direction, with the reducing end toward the left of the figure, whereas the family 28 CBM’s cello-oligomer is oriented in the opposite direction