Table 4 Differences in microbial composition at the phylum level during dry co-digestion of food waste and pig manure using four different operating conditions (mean ± SD)
Relative abundance (%) | R1 (digestate, FW/PM = 50:50) | R2 (digestate, FW/PM = 75:25) | R3 (sludge, FW/PM = 50:50) | R4 (sludge, FW/PM = 75:25) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Euryarchaeota | 5.0 ± 2.2 | 7.9 ± 4.0 | 4.0 ± 1.8 | 7.4 ± 5.2 |
Actinobacteria | 2.5 ± 0.3 | 2.8 ± 0.5 | 6.3 ± 1.2 | 5.9 ± 1.3 |
Bacteroidetes | 28.9 ± 8.8 | 18.5 ± 10.5 | 10.9 ± 5.0 | 7.6 ± 2.0 |
Chloroflexi | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 1.0 ± 0.4 | 7.5 ± 2.3 | 7.5 ± 2.8 |
Firmicutes | 49.9 ± 4.7 | 52.4 ± 2.5 | 39.4 ± 7.4 | 33.7 ± 8.0 |
Proteobacteria | 4.4 ± 0.5 | 6.0 ± 1.1 | 14.8 ± 2.3 | 18.3 ± 5.3 |
Synergistetes | 2.4 ± 0.3 | 3.1 ± 0.4 | 7.0 ± 1.5 | 6.7 ± 1.1 |
Thermotogae | 4.2 ± 1.5 | 5.9 ± 3.3 | 2.6 ± 1.3 | 3.5 ± 1.0 |
WWE1 | 0.3 ± 0.1 | 0.3 ± 0.2 | 2.2 ± 1.1 | 3.4 ± 1.2 |
Groups | Statistical analysis (P values) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Condition | Inoculum | FW/PM | R1 vs R2 | R1 vs R3 | R1 vs R4 | R2 vs R3 | R2 vs R4 | R3 vs R4 | Phase | Phase I vs II | Phase I vs III | Phase II vs III | |
Euryarchaeota | 0.040* | 0.149 | 0.014* | 0.945 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.035* | 1.000 | 0.235 | 0.000*** | 0.003** | 0.000*** | 0.016* |
Actinobacteria | 0.000*** | 0.000*** | 0.706 | 1.000 | 0.000*** | 0.000*** | 0.000*** | 0.001*** | 1.000 | 0.725 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
Bacteroidetes | 0.000*** | 0.000*** | 0.019* | 0.235 | 0.000*** | 0.000*** | 0.228 | 0.005** | 1.000 | 0.023* | 0.669 | 0.019** | 0.229 |
Chloroflexi | 0.000*** | 0.000*** | 0.935 | 1.000 | 0.000*** | 0.000*** | 0.000*** | 0.000*** | 1.000 | 0.157 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
Firmicutes | 0.000*** | 0.000*** | 0.922 | 1.000 | 0.007** | 0.000*** | 0.000*** | 0.000*** | 1.000 | 0.030* | 0.264 | 0.025* | 0.715 |
Proteobacteria | 0.000*** | 0.000*** | 0.039* | 0.278 | 0.000*** | 0.000*** | 0.012* | 0.000*** | 1.000 | 0.276 | 0.320 | 0.105 | 0.490 |
Synergistetes | 0.000*** | 0.000*** | 0.195 | 0.171 | 0.000*** | 0.000*** | 0.002** | 0.007** | 1.000 | 0.983 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
Thermotogae | 0.003** | 0.001** | 0.105 | 1.000 | 0.099 | 1.000 | 0.003** | 0.119 | 1.000 | 0.002** | 0.004** | 0.006** | 1.000 |
WWE1 | 0.000*** | 0.000*** | 0.251 | 1.000 | 0.001*** | 0.000*** | 0.001*** | 0.000*** | 0.866 | 0.265 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 |