Table 3 Comparison between microscale and bulk microalgae culture
From: Microfluidic techniques for enhancing biofuel and biorefinery industry based on microalgae
Microalgae | Refs. | Culture size | Growth rate (method) | Maximum yields |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii | [22] | Micro: flowed droplets between 14 and 1766 pL Bulk: flasks 100 mL | 2.08 day−1a (count) 2.08 day−1a (count) | 1.1 × 108 cells mL−1 1.2 × 107 cells mL−1 |
[17] | Micro: mechanical trap 904 pL Bulk: flask 100 mL | 0.46–4.01 day−1a (F.I.) 1.30–1.85 h−1a (OD750) | Biomass: 5.72 g L−1 Lipids: 10 g L−1 Biomass: 5 g L−1 Lipids: 10 g L−1 | |
[18] | Micro: mechanical trap 1 nL Bulk: – | 1.85–2.08 day−1a (image transparency) 0.92–1.04 day−1a (OD600) | – | |
[31] | Micro: microchamber 500 µL Bulk: flask 250 mL | * – | Lipids: 34.9 wt% Lipids: ~ 27 wt %a | |
[35] | Micro: microchamber 500 µL Bulk: flask 100 mL | ~1.0 day−1 (OD800) – | Lipids: 131.86 mg L−1 day−1 Lipids: ~ 135 mg L−1 day− | |
Chlorella protothecoides | [35] | Micro: microchamber 500 µL Bulk: flask 100 mL | ~ 1.1 day−1 (OD800) – | Lipids: 166.70 mg L−1 day−1 Lipids: ~ 170 mg L−1 day−1 |
Chlorella sorokiniana | [38] | Micro: trap – Bulk: flask – | 1.75 day−1a (count) 1.35 day−1a (OD730) | – – |
Chlorella vulgaris | [22] | Micro: flowed droplets between 14 and 1766 pL Bulk: flasks 100 mL | 1.39 day−1a (count) 1.39 day−1a (count) | 4.5 × 108 cells mL−1 2.5 × 108 cells mL−1 |
[24] | Micro: static droplet ~ 10 nL Bulk: bioreactor 1L | 0.55 to 1.52 day−1 (count) 1.12 day−1 (count) | Cell density in droplet = 20 Folds in bioreactor | |
[35] | Micro: microchamber 500 µL Bulk: flask 100 mL | ~1.2 day−1 (OD800) – | Lipids: 160.83 mg L−1 day−1 Lipids: ~ 150 mg L−1 day−1 | |
Chlorella zofingiensis | [35] | Micro: Microchamber 500 µL Bulk: flask 100 mL | ~ 1.1 day−1 (OD800) – | Lipids: 147.98 mg L−1 day−1 Lipids: ~ 140 mg L−1 day−1 |
Chlorella sp. | [30] | Micro: microchamber 240 nL Bulk: flask – | 0.71 day−1 (count) 0.63 day−1 (count) | 3.12 × 106 cells mL−1a 5.20 × 106 cells mL−1a |
Cyclotella cryptica | [23] | Micro: EWOD droplet ~ 70 µL Bulk: flaks 30–60 mL | 0.39 day−1a at R.T. (OD660) 0.45 day−1a at 14oC (OD660) | * – |
Dunaliella tertiolecta | [22] | Micro: flowed droplets between 14 and 1766 pL Bulk: flasks 100 mL | 0.69 day−1a (count) 0.69 day−1a (count) | 1.5 × 108 cells mL−1 9.0 × 106 cells mL−1 |
Haematococcus pluvialis | [34] | Micro: microchamber 400 µL Bulk: flask 250 mL | 0.25 day−1 – | Astaxanthin: 45.62 mg L−1 day−1 Astaxanthin: 27.63 mg L−1 day−1 |
Neochloris oleoabundans | [33] | Micro: microchamber 400 µL Bulk: flask 250 mL | 2.13 day−1 (OD680) 1.34 day−1 (OD680) | *Lipids: F. I. in Micro ~ 160% In Bulk |
[35] | Micro: microchamber 500 µL Bulk: Flask 100 mL | ~1.1 day−1 (OD800) – | Lipids: 144.53 mg L−1 day−1 Lipids: ~ 145 mg L−1 day−1 | |
Phaeodactylum tricornutum | [30] | Micro: microchamber 240 nL Bulk: flask – | 1.21 day−1 (count) 1.04 day−1 (count) | 4.73 × 106 cells mL−1a 4.00 × 106 cells mL−1a |
Platymonas helgolandica var. tsingtaoensis | [30] | Micro: microchamber 240 nL Bulk: flask – | 0.75 day−1 (count) 0.71 day−1 (count) | 1.12 × 106 cells mL−1a 1.04 × 106 cells mL−1a |
Platymonas subcordiformis | [30] | Micro: Microchamber 240 nL Bulk: flask – | 0.31 day−1 (count) 0.31 day−1 (count) | 1.52 × 106 cells mL−1a 1.31 × 106 cells mL−1a |
Porphyridium cruentum | [30] | Micro: microchamber 240 nL Bulk: flask – | 0.52 day−1 (count) 0.40 day−1 (count) | 6.06 × 106 cells mL−1a 4.70 × 106 cells mL−1a |
Scenedesmus sp. | [35] | Micro: microchamber 500 µL Bulk: Flask 100 mL | ~ 0.4 day−1 (OD800) – | Lipids: 105.42 mg L−1 day−1 Lipids: ~ 100 mg L−1 day−1 |
Synechococcus elongatus | [38] | Micro: trap – Bulk: flask – | 2.28–2.92 day−1a (count) 1.30–2.60 day−1a (OD730) | – – |
Synechococcus sp. | [38] | Micro: trap – Bulk: flask – | 0.73 day−1a (count) 0.62 day−1a (OD730) | – – |