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Table 2 Elemental composition (DCM basis) of Spirulina subsalsa cultivated in mZM and seawater supplemented with MSGR in different volume ratios (1/1000, 1/500, 1/200, 1/100 and 1/50, VMSGR/Vseawater)

From: Filamentous cyanobacteria triples oil production in seawater-based medium supplemented with industrial waste: monosodium glutamate residue

 

1/1000

1/500

1/200

1/100

1/50

mZM

Minerals (%)

 Calcium

1.14 ± 0.01

3.06 ± 0.04

4.58 ± 0.03

2.92 ± 0.01

3.53 ± 0.02

1.00 ± 0.02

 Magnesium

2.92 ± 0.11

0.95 ± 0.07

0.61 ± 0.04

1.30 ± 0.08

0.71 ± 0.05

1.32 ± 0.19

 Phosphorus

0.04 ± 0.00

0.10 ± 0.01

0.18 ± 0.02

0.31 ± 0.06

0.60 ± 0.08

0.85 ± 0.03

 Potassium

0.75 ± 0.03

0.56 ± 0.02

0.54 ± 0.02

2.43 ± 0.08

0.34 ± 0.01

1.58 ± 0.04

 Sodium

3.35 ± 0.08

4.08 ± 0.15

2.32 ± 0.05

0.04 ± 0.01

2.07 ± 0.12

3.64 ± 0.03

Trace elements (µg/g)

 Cobalt

ND

4.4 ± 0.1

6.7 ± 0.2

ND

7.9 ± 0.1

2.9 ± 0.0

 Copper

77.4 ± 3.8

27.1 ± 1.2

32.5 ± 1.5

96.1 ± 3.6

60.1 ± 4.4

35.7 ± 2.1

 Iron

288.8 ± 4.6

393.3 ± 2.8

713.9 ± 12.1

1215.7 ± 28.6

454.8 ± 8.2

1051.3 ± 12.8

 Manganese

11.2 ± 0.2

42.7 ± 1.4

49.7 ± 0.4

38.6 ± 0.6

17.5 ± 0.8

122.2 ± 3.5

 Zinc

356.4 ± 6.7

852.1 ± 15.5

1169.0 ± 18.9

622.3 ± 4.8

1081.3 ± 12.9

23.9 ± 0.6

Toxins (µg/g)a

 Cadmium

0.09 ± 0.01

0.06 ± 0.01

0.07 ± 0.00

ND

0.19 ± 0.02

ND

 Na/K

4.51 ± 0.11

7.18 ± 0.23

4.29 ± 0.17

0.02 ± 0.00

5.99 ± 0.08

2.43 ± 0.06

 Ca/P

28.50 ± 0.25

27.82 ± 1.78

25.33 ± 1.71

7.89 ± 0.88

5.46 ± 0.24

1.2 ± 0.06

  1. ND not detected
  2. aToxic elements: selenium, vanadium, chromium and lead were lower than detection. All data are averages of biological triplicates ± standard deviation