Fig. 1

Growth (OD) of R. opacus, P. fluorescens and P. putida EM42 on 1 g/L (a) depolymerized (at 220 °C with 2-min residence time) lignin (b) non-depolymerized lignin as the only carbon source in M9 medium. A non-inoculated control is shown with a black line. Same scale on the Y-axis is maintained for easy comparison between the graphs. All experiments were performed in duplicates