Fig. 4

SEC chromatograms of 1 g/L depolymerized lignin on days 0 and 14 after high-cell density bacterial conversion by a R. opacus b P. fluorescens c P. putida EM42 and d non-inoculated control in M9 medium. The consumption of low-molecular weight fraction (0.1–0.4 kDa) by R. opacus and breakdown of high-molecular weight fraction (1–10 kDa) by P. fluorescens are highlighted with green-dashed circles