Enhancement of lignocellulosic degradation in high-moisture alfalfa via anaerobic bioprocess of engineered Lactococcus lactis with the function of secreting cellulase

Table 3 Kinetic parameters of nonstructural carbohydrates reduction in alfalfa silages based on first-order exponential decay model y = y0 + ae^(−bx)

Additives	WSC			Glucose			Fructose
Additives	y0	a	b	y0	a	b	y0	a	b
Control	8.98^e	43.6^a	0.69^c	0.00^b	5.81^a	1.99	0.84^c	4.20^b	1.67^a
EN	11.4^c	41.3^c	0.77^b	0.05^b	5.76^a	1.77	1.28^b	3.76^c	1.33^b
HT1	10.2^d	42.3^b	0.77^b	0.00^b	5.81^a	2.00	0.73^d	4.31^a	1.35^b
HT1 + EN	12.0^b	40.6^d	0.73^bc	0.04^b	5.77^a	1.75	1.50^a	3.56^d	0.65^c
HT2	13.2^a	39.5^e	0.85^a	0.13^a	5.64^b	1.70	1.51^a	3.53^d	1.35^b
SEM	0.014	0.125	0.017	0.015	0.035	0.108	0.010	0.009	0.040
Significance	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.004	0.054	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001

Means within a symbol with different superscript lowercase letters (a–e) differ (P < 0.05) according to Tukey’s test
According to Li et al. [28], first-order exponential decay model was y = y0 + ae ^(−b*x): y (g/kg DM) is the residue at any time x (day); y0 (g/kg DM) is the total residual fraction after 60 days of ensiling; a (g/kg DM) is the consumable fraction; b (day⁻¹) is the fractional consumption rate of a and x is the ensilage time (day)
EN, cellulase; HT1, wild-type L. lactis subsp. lactis MG1363; HT1 + EN, combination of HT1 and EN; HT2, combination of transgenically engineered L. lactis strains HT1/pMG36e-usp45-bgl1, HT1/pMG36e-usp45-cbh2, and HT1/pMG36e-usp45-egl3; SEM, standard error of the means

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