Fig. 1From: Synergy between flow and light fields and its applications to the design of mixers in microalgal photobioreactorsa–c Typical vortices induced by a helical mixer, Kenics mixer and discrete double-inclined ribs, respectively. d–f The scheme of a vortex whose core is located at the L/D boundary, a vortex whose core is located far from the L/D boundary and a vortex that should be removed, respectivelyBack to article page