Table 3 Overall mass balance for the optimal (LHW, H2SO4, NaOH) pretreatments and SSF process of Miscanthus to bioethanol
| Â | Raw material | Optimal pretreatments | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
LHWa | H2SO4 | NaOH | ||
Solid recovery after optimal pretreatments | 100 | 56.3‒68.9 (± 4.55) | 58.9‒64.9 (± 2.07) | 53.1‒67.7 (± 5.14) |
Cellulose content in pretreated residues | 37.1‒44.4 (± 3.13) | 37.1‒44.3 (± 3.09) | 36.4‒43.8 (± 3.07) | 36.3‒43.9 (± 3.07) |
Hemicellulose in pretreated residues | 27.4‒30.9 (± 1.10) | 4.8‒6.4 (± 0.52) | 4.6‒5.9 (± 0.55) | 7.7‒11.4 (± 1.34) |
Lignin in pretreated residues | 19.2‒22.6 (± 1.14) | 9.7‒12.9 (± 1.10) | 10.7‒13.3 (± 0.82) | 5.6‒9.0 (± 1.21) |
Glucose produced by enzymatic hydrolysis | 4.0‒5.7 (± 0.59) | 15.5‒20.3 (± 2.03) | 13.9‒25.7 (± 5.03) | 28.2‒39.1 (± 5.36) |
Ethanol produced by yeast fermentationb | 2.0‒2.9 (± 0.31) | 7.1‒10.0 (± 1.18) | 6.7‒12.7 (± 2.56) | 13.3‒19.0 (± 2.64) |