Fig. 5

Soluble metabolites analysis by GC/MS of stem extracts from 6-week-old WT, fpgs1, ccoaomt1, and fpgs1ccoaomt1 plants. a A Venn diagram presentation of the up- and down- regulated compounds significantly altered in fpgs1, ccoaomt1, and fpgs1ccoaomt1 compared with WT. b The relative content (ug/g fresh weight; sorbitol equivalents) of shikimic acid, phenylalanine, ferulic acid, and sinapic acid identified by GC–MS among four genotypes. c The relative content (ug/g fresh weight; sorbitol equivalents) of sinapoyl-malic acid, 2-O-feruloyl-malic acid, syringic acid-4-O-glucoside, and vanillic acid-4-O-glucoside among four genotypes. d. The relative content (ug/g fresh weight; sorbitol equivalents) of kaempferol and guaiacyl lignan identified among four genotypes. Different letters between values show statistically significant differences according to one-way ANOVA and LSD test (Values are mean ± SE. n = 4, P ≤ 0.05. Each biological replicate included mature inflorescence stems pooled from 20 individual plants). A more detailed illustration of the differentially accumulated metabolites is shown in Additional file 6: Table S5