Fig. 5

Heterologous 1-propanol pathway engineering. a The heterologous 1-propanol pathway containing Lactococcus lactis kivD (encoding 2-keto-acid decarboxylase) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADH2 (encoding alcohol dehydrogenase). b Heterologous kivD and ADH2 under the P_trc and BCD1 control in an artificial operon were assembled in threonine-producing vector phrA⁴³³BC-asd through one cycle of PS-Brick reaction. c Fed-batch fermentation of the engineering strain MG1655/pthrA⁴³³BC-asd-kivD-ADH2 in 7.5 L fermentor. Data shown are mean values from three replicates, and the standard deviations are presented