Table 5 Comparison of LCA results between algae biodiesel and conventional or first-generation biodiesels
Impact category | Algae biodiesel in comparison to: | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Conventional fossil Diesel | Palmtree Biodiesel | Rapeseed Biodiesel | Soybean Biodiesel | |
Ozone depletion | − | + | − | ∓ |
Human toxicity | + | + | ∓ | + |
Photochemical oxidation formation | − | ∓ | − | ∓ |
Particulate matter formation | ∓ | ∓ | ∓ | + |
Terrestrial Acidification | ∓ | ∓ | − | + |
Freshwater eutrophication | + | + | ∓ | ∓ |
Marine eutrophication | ∓ | − | − | − |
Ionizing radiation | ∓ | + | ∓ | ∓ |
Water depletion | + | + | + | + |
Metal resources depletion | + | + | ∓ | + |
Fossil resources depletion | − | + | ∓ | + |
Natural land transformation | − | − | − | − |
Agricultural land occupation | + | − | − | − |
Urban land occupation | ∓ | ∓ | − | ∓ |
Terrestrial ecotoxicity | + | − | − | − |
Freshwater ecotoxicity | + | ∓ | − | + |
Marine ecotoxicity | + | + | ∓ | + |