Fig. 3
From: A simple strategy to effectively produce d-lactate in crude glycerol-utilizing Escherichia coli
Production of d-lactate by the two-dose fermentation. The fermentation was conducted with the aerobic growth phase and the fermentative production phase. A high dose of crude glycerol was added to the culture broth at the end of the growth phase. The fermentation was initiated with the cell density at OD550 of 1. The absorbance measurement of the cell density in the production phase was interfered with crude glycerol and Ca(OH)2 and, therefore, not reported. The experiment was duplicated. The typical fermentation profiles were reported for the cases with the DO control (a) and without the DO control (b). Cell density (black circle); crude glycerol (black up-pointing triangle); d-lactate (black square); α-KG (white circle)