Fig. 2
From: Multilevel optimisation of anaerobic ethyl acetate production in engineered Escherichia coli
Two anaerobic variants of ethyl acetate production from glucose via the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas (EMP) pathway. An alcohol acetyltransferase (AAT) catalyses the production of ethyl acetate from acetyl-CoA and ethanol. a Ethyl acetate production in yeast. Acetyl-CoA is formed in a series of three reactions: pyruvate decarboxylase (Pdc), acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (Ald) and acetyl-CoA synthetase (Acs). Ethanol is formed from acetaldehyde by an alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh). CO2 is produced as a by-product. b Ethyl acetate production in bacteria (e.g. E. coli). Acetyl-CoA is formed directly from pyruvate via pyruvate formate lyase (Pfl). Ethanol is formed from acetyl-CoA via the bifunctional alcohol/aldehyde dehydrogenase (AdhE). Formate is produced as a by-product that can be converted to CO2 and H2 via formate-hydrogen lyase (Fhl)