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Fig. 3 | Biotechnology for Biofuels

Fig. 3

From: Strategies for the production of biochemicals in bioenergy crops

Fig. 3

A depict of isoprenoid biosynthesis from cytosolic MVA and plastidial MEP pathways. AACA, acetoacetyl-CoA; AACT, acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase; ACA, acetyl-CoA; CDP-ME, 4-diphosphocytidyl-2-C-methylerythritol; CDP-MEP, CDP ME 2-phosphate; CMK, CDP-ME kinase; CMS/MCT, CDP-ME synthase; DMAPP, dimethylallyl diphosphate; DXP, 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate; DXR, DXP reductoisomerase; DXS, DXP synthase; ER, endoplasmic reticulum; FPP, farnesyl diphosphate; FPPS, farnesyl diphosphate synthase; GA3P, glyceraldehydes-3-phosphate; GFPP, geranylfarnesyl diphosphate; GFPPS, geranylfarnesyl diphosphate synthase; GGPP, geranylgeranyl diphosphate; GGPPS, geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase; GPP, geranyl diphosphate; GPPS, geranyl diphosphate synthase; HDR, HMBPP reductase; HDS, HMB-PP synthase; HMB-PP, 1-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-(E)-butenyl 4-diphosphate; HMGR, HMG-CoA reductase; HMGCA, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA; HMGS, HMG-CoA synthase; IDI/IPI, IPP isomerase; IPP, isopentenyl pyrophosphate; ISPS, isoprene synthase; MCS/MDS, ME-cPP synthase; ME-cPP, ME 2,4-cyclodiphosphate; MVA, mevalonate; MVAP, mevalonate-5-phosphate; MVAPP, mevalonate 5-diphosphate; MVD/PMD, MVAPP decarboxylase; MVK, MVA kinase; PEP, phosphoenolpyruvate; PVK/PMK, MVAP kinase; MEP, 2-C-methyl-d-erythritol-4-phosphate

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