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Table 9 Chi-square test p values between sociodemographic nominal variables (Appendix A: Table 6) and opinion nominal variables (Appendix A: Table 7)

From: Acceptability of genetically engineered algae biofuels in Europe: opinions of experts and stakeholders

Sociodemographic nominal variables

Opinion nominal variables

Chi2p value

Fisher’s test p value

Gender

Personal attitude as final consumer

Opinion about being final consumer of GE algae biofuel

0.467

 

Willingness to pay more money if higher engine performances were achieved compared to established biofuels

0.959

 

Willingness to pay more money if environmental advantages were achieved compared to fossil fuels

0.504

 

Suggestions to improve general social acceptance

Regulations before any genome engineered species is implemented

0.091

0.144

Higher or same economic benefits than using fossil fuels

0.774

0.824

Clear evidence of benefits use of genetic markers

0.479

0.516

Clear communication of risks and benefits of genome engineering technologies

0.983

1.000

Rigorous risk assessments of GM algae, involving scientists with minimal conflicts of interest, independent peer review, and public participation

0.079

0.122

Closed production systems with high security standards

0.217

0.268

Use of genetic markers

0.132

0.193

Minor survivability compared to natural strains

0.665

0.818

Use of new precise gene editing tools instead of traditional genome engineering

0.224

0.256

Regulations before any genome engineered species is implemented

0.055

0.069

Working field

Personal attitude as final consumer

Opinion about being final consumer of GE algae biofuel

0.910

 

Willingness to pay more money if higher engine performances were achieved compared to established biofuels

0.757

 

Willingness to pay more money if environmental advantages were achieved compared to fossil fuels

0.637

 

Suggestions to improve general social acceptance

Regulations before any genome engineered species is implemented

0.389

 

Higher or same economic benefits than using fossil fuels

0.375

 

Clear evidence of benefits use of genetic markers

0.184

 

Clear communication of risks and benefits of genome engineering technologies

0.931

 

Rigorous risk assessments of GM algae, involving scientists with minimal conflicts of interest, independent peer review, and public participation

0.922

 

Closed production systems with high security standards

0.753

 

Use of genetic markers

0.900

 

Minor survivability compared to natural strains

0.136

 

Use of new precise gene editing tools instead of traditional genome engineering

0.500

 

Regulations before any genome engineered species is implemented

0.304

 
  1. Fisher’s test was done in cases of having two dichotomous categorical variables