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Table 2 Comparative FAME profile and biodiesel properties of R. pacifica INDKK cultivated in PSH and YNB

From: Harnessing pongamia shell hydrolysate for triacylglycerol agglomeration by novel oleaginous yeast Rhodotorula pacifica INDKK

Fatty acid/biodiesel properties

Rape seed oil methyl ester [30]

Jatropha oil methyl ester [30]

AD-PSH

AS-PSH

Control (YNB)

EN 14214

ASTM D6751

IS 15607

C14:0 (%)

ND

ND

ND

0.89

0.55

–

–

–

C16:0 (%)

11.9

14.9

14.45

28.85

10.4

–

–

–

C16:1 (%)

ND

1

ND

ND

ND

–

–

–

C18:0 (%)

4.1

6.1

6.13

ND

ND

–

–

–

C18:1 (%)

20.8

40.4

61.98

52.58

43.61

–

–

–

C18:2 (%)

53.8

36.2

16.86

12.45

ND

–

–

–

C18:3 (%)

9.3

0.3

ND

1.37

ND

–

–

–

C20:0 (%)

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

–

–

–

C22:0 (%)

ND

ND

ND

0.46

ND

–

–

–

C24:0 (%)

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

–

–

–

Iodine value (IV) (g of I2/100 g)

107.76

98.02

86.29

73.58

39.02

120 (max.)

–

–

Cetane number (CN)

54.35

55.23

53.92

56.72

86.86

47

51

51

High heating value (HHV) (MJ/kg)

40.78

40.55

39.42

38.14

21.56

–

–

–

Density (g/cm3)

0.80

0.88

0.87

0.84

0.47

–

0.86–0.90

0.86–0.89

Kinematic viscosity (KV) (mm2/s)

4.4

4.48

3.90

3.7

2.13

1.9–6

3.5–5

2.5–6

Cold filter plugging point (CFPP)

ND

ND

−6.1

−5.97

−13.2

–

–

–

  1. – No standard limit designated by biodiesel standards ASTM D6751, EN 14214 and IS 15607; ND not detected.