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Fig. 5 | Biotechnology for Biofuels

Fig. 5

From: ARTP/EMS-combined multiple mutagenesis efficiently improved production of raw starch-degrading enzymes in Penicillium oxalicum and characterization of the enzyme-hyperproducing mutant

Fig. 5

Analysis of extracellular proteins secreted by P. oxalicum strains A2-13 and OXPoxGA15A (a, b) and transcription levels of the important amylase genes and their regulatory gene via RT-qPCR analysis (c). a SDS-PAGE analysis; b Relative quantity analysis of the bands in (a). In panel a, bands marked with purple and red arrows correspond to raw starch-degrading glucoamylase PoxGA15A and α-amylase PoxAmy13A, respectively. In panel c, expression levels of the tested genes in the strain A2-13 were normalized against those in the starting strain OXPoxGA15A. The actin gene was used as reference. **p ≤ 0.01 and *p ≤ 0.05 indicate significant differences between the A2-13 and OXPoxGA15A by Student’s t test. Each experiment contained three biological replicates. Each data point represents mean ± SD. RT-qPCR real-time reverse transcription quantitative PCR, SDS-PAGE sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, MMM modified minimal medium

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