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Fig. 1 | Biotechnology for Biofuels

Fig. 1

From: Rewiring of glycerol metabolism in Escherichia coli for effective production of recombinant proteins

Fig. 1

Central metabolic pathways of E. coli grown on glycerol. The metabolic pathways of enhancement and of the proposed acetate recycling were highlighted in blue and green, respectively. Genes involved in metabolic pathways include as follows: aceA, isocitrate lyase; aceB, malate synthase; aceEF-lpd, pyruvate dehydrogenase; acs, acetyl-CoA synthase; citA, citrate synthase; dhaKLM, dihydroxyacetone kinase; fbaA, fructose-biphosphate aldolase; gldA, glycerol dehydrogenase; glpD, glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase; glpK, glycerol kinase; glpF, glycerol facilitator; pckA, PEP carboxykinase; pgl, lactonase; pgi, isomerse; pykA, pyruvate kinase; poxB, pyruvate oxidase; ppc, PEP carboxylase; zwf, glucose-6-phosphatase dehydrogenase. Abbreviations of metabolites: Ac-CoA, acetyl-CoA; ACE, acetate; CIT, citrate; DHAP, dihydroxyacetone phosphate; F6P, fructose-6-phosphate; FDP, fructose-diphosphate; FUM, fumarate; G6P, glucose-6-phosphate; Gly, glycerol; GOL, glyoxylate; Iso-CIT, isocitrate; MAL, malate; OAA, oxaloacetate; PEP, phosphoenolpyruvate; PGA, 3-phosphoglyceraldehyde; PYR, pyruvate; SUC, succinate

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