|
Wet Chemistry
|
Acid/base-catalyzed transesterification/methanolysis
|
Total suberin content, depolymerized components
|
[8,9,10, 53]
|
|
Microscopy
|
TEM
|
Lamellar structure of cell wall
|
[47]
|
|
SEM
|
Isolated suberin macromolecular structure
|
[46]
|
|
Confocal, fluorescence, histological staining
|
Suberin presence and relative abundance in cell walls and tissues
|
[48,49,50,51,52]
|
|
NMR
|
Solution-state NMR, solid-state NMR
|
Aliphatics, phenolics and glycerol are components of suberin
|
[43, 45, 69, 73, 166,167,168]
|
|
Solution-state NMR, solid-state NMR
|
Polyaromatic and phenolic composition, hydroxycinnamates including ferulic acid, lignin-like subunits
|
[75, 102, 169,170,171,172,173]
|
|
Solid-state NMR relaxation and dynamics studies
|
Two distinct methylene CH2 environments identified with differing dynamics, aliphatic acylglycerols with mid-chain modified hydrocarbons found in more rigid core, saturated alkanols and alkanoic acids are more dynamic and spatially distinct
|
[69,70,71,72,73, 79, 174]
|
|
Solution-state NMR, gel-state NMR
|
Primary structure: how monomeric units are linked to polymeric / oligomeric units
|
[46, 74, 160]
|
| |
Solid-state NMR
|
Overall superstructure and domain architecture
|
[70, 72, 79, 160]
|
|
Mass Spectrometry
|
GC/MS of depolymerized components
|
Phenolics, lipids, glycerol components as monomers
|
[9, 53, 57]
|
|
LC/MS of depolymerized components
|
Phenolics, lipids, glycerol components as monomers and oligomers
|
[54]
|
|
Pyrolysis-mass spectrometry of biomass
|
Fingerprinting for phenolics and lipid components, screening for thermochemical conversion paradigms
|
[59, 150]
|
|
Pyrolysis-mass spectrometry of soils
|
Fingerprinting for phenolics and lipid components, biomarker for plant species in soils
|
[60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68]
|
|
MALDI-MS
|
Suberin structure in tissue and separate hydrolysate analysis for phenolics, lipids
|
[56]
|
