Fig. 1From: Single-step ethanol production from raw cassava starch using a combination of raw starch hydrolysis and fermentation, scale-up from 5-L laboratory and 200-L pilot plant to 3000-L industrial fermentersScanning electron micrographs: a pretreated raw cassava starch granule at a sub-gelatinization temperature of 60 °C with Distillase ASP for 1 h and b hydrolyzed raw cassava starch granule by StargenTM002 for 48 hBack to article page