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Table 2 Release of glucose, productivity, and degree of conversion of starch to glucose from pretreatments of raw cassava starch and further hydrolyses by StargenTM002 at optimum conditions for 72 h

From: Single-step ethanol production from raw cassava starch using a combination of raw starch hydrolysis and fermentation, scale-up from 5-L laboratory and 200-L pilot plant to 3000-L industrial fermenters

Starch slurry pretreatment (1 h)

Hydrolysis by StargenTM002 (40 °C, 72 h)

Temperature (°C)

Distillase ASP (% w/w)

Urea (% w/w)

Glucose concentration (g/L)

Productivity, rp (g/L/h)

Degree of conversion to glucose (% w/w)

Non-pretreatment treatment

150.83 ± 1.58d

2.09 ± 0.02d

68.56 ± 0.72d

60

–

–

159.90 ± 2.85c

2.22 ± 0.04c

72.68 ± 1.30c

60

0.1

–

176.41 ± 1.52a

2.45 ± 0.02a

80.19 ± 0.69a

60

0.2

–

173.81 ± 2.28a

2.41 ± 0.07a

79.00 ± 1.20a

60

0.3

–

175.93 ± 1.99a

2.44 ± 0.02a

79.97 ± 1.81a

60

0.1

1.0

167.81 ± 1.51b

2.33 ± 0.02b

76.28 ± 0.68b

60

0.1

2.0

171.55 ± 8.09b

2.38 ± 0.11b

77.93 ± 3.68b

60

0.1

3.0

166.47 ± 1.15b

2.31 ± 0.02b

75.67 ± 0.52b

  1. Statistic comparisons of those mean values within their own columns (among slurry pretreatments) at p-values ≤ 0.05 show different characters, a, b, c, and d, which indicate statically significant differences