Fig. 1

D263 is capable of degradation of cellulosic residues. a Filter paper (FP) and cellulase activities detected in crude D263 secretome. D263 was cultured in 1-L fermenter containing Mandel–Reese medium (pH 7) for 5 days. Data were shown as one representative of three biological replicates. All experiments showed similar results. b D263 is capable of hydrolyzing agricultural waste. The glucose generation from 10 mg sugarcane bagasse in 1 mL of reaction volume was used to evaluate the efficiency of the enzyme mixtures. Commercial enzymes CTec3, C1.5L and N188 were used as controls. For each assay, 0.14 FP unit (FPU) for CTec3, C1.5L or D263 was used in the presence or absence of 0.5 cellobiase unit (CBU) of N188 that acts as β-glucosidase supplement. Alphabets on the bars indicate significant difference in one-way ANOVA analysis with Fisher’s LSD (p < 0.05). c D263 acts synergistically with C1.5L. 0.05 FPU of D263 and 0.07 FPU of C1.5L were mixed or separately added to 10 mg of sugarcane bagasse in 1 mL of reaction. CMC, carboxymethylcellulose; pNPG, p-nitrophenyl β-d-glucopyranoside. Alphabets on the bars indicate significant difference in one-way ANOVA analysis with Fisher’s LSD (p < 0.05)