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Fig. 8 | Biotechnology for Biofuels

Fig. 8

From: Development and characterization of efficient xylose utilization strains of Zymomonas mobilis

Fig. 8

The potential mechanism contributing to the efficient xylose utilization of the adapted strain 8b-S38. Three mutations identified in strain 8b-S38 compared with the parental strain 8b (a); up-regulation of central carbon metabolism and down-regulation of xylitol production leading to more xylose metabolized via xylose isomerase (XI) pathway (b); up-regulation of protein and DNA repair system to deal with the damage caused by xylose stress (c); the phage shock protein response triggered to prevent proton leakage thus to maintain the proton-motive force (PMF) and membrane permeability (d); up-regulation of the protein synthesis process contributing to the cell growth (e); differentially expressed genes related to several transcriptional regulators (f). The red up or blue down arrow beside the enzyme represents up-regulation and down-regulation, respectively. The details of gene expression are shown in the Additional file 6: Table S8

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