Table 2 Carboxylic acids composition of sunflower oil before and after extractive chain elongation at different pH conditions
Compound | Initial sunflower oil | R1 | R2 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
pH 5.0 (period II-b) | pH 7.0 (period III) | pH 5.0 (period II-b) | pH 7.0 (period III) | ||
Back-extraction estimations | |||||
% n-caproic acid (C6:0)a | 0 | 8.20 ± 0.05 | 0.07 ± 0.07 | 6.33 ± 0.43 | 0.08 ± 0.08 |
% n-caprylic acid (C8:0)a | 0 | 0.27 ± 0.07 | 0 | 0.11 ± 0.04 | 0 |
wt% MCC |  | 8.22 ± 0.12 | 0.06 ± 0.06 | 6.48 ± 0.23 | 0.08 ± 0.08 |
nC8-to-nC6 [% mol C] | N.A | 3.5 ± 0.1 | N.A | 1.9 ± 0.5 | N.A |
ISO 15885 standard | |||||
% n-caproic acid (C6:0) | 0 | 0.84 ± 0.11 | 0 | 0.40 ± 0.03 | 0 |
% n-caprylic acid (C8:0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
% Oleic acid (C18:1, cis 9) | 34.85 ± 0.03 | 34.29 ± 0.1 | 35.08 ± 0.01 | 34.58 ± 0.21 | 35.07 ± 0.11 |
% Linoleic acid (C18:2, cis 9, 12) | 52.92 ± 0.06 | 52.78 ± 0.22 | 53.14 ± 0.05 | 52.95 ± 0.18 | 53.06 ± 0.08 |
% Saturated carboxylic acids (SCA) | 10.64 ± 0.02 | 11.34 ± 0.11 | 10.19 ± 0.02 | 10.95 ± 0.01 | 10.28 ± 0.21 |
% Unsaturated carboxylic acids (UCA) | 89.36 ± 0.02 | 88.66 ± 0.11 | 89.81 ± 0.02 | 89.05 ± 0.01 | 89.72 ± 0.21 |
% Conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
% Ω-3 carboxylic acids | 0.14 ± 0.01 | 0.13 ± 0.01 | 0.14 ± 0.01 | 0.13 ± 0.01 | 0.13 ± 0.01 |
% Ω-6 carboxylic acids | 52.92 ± 0.07 | 52.78 ± 0.22 | 53.14 ± 0.05 | 52.95 ± 0.18 | 53.06 ± 0.08 |
% Monounsaturated carboxylic acids (MUCA) | 35.74 ± 0.02 | 35.16 ± 0.10 | 35.95 ± 0.02 | 35.43 ± 0.20 | 35.95 ± 0.12 |
% Polyunsaturated carboxylic acids (PUCA) | 53.06 ± 0.6 | 52.91 ± 0.21 | 53.28 ± 0.04 | 53.08 ± 0.19 | 53.19 ± 0.08 |
% Unnamed carboxylic acids | 0.56 ± 0.03 | 0.59 ± 0.01 | 0.58 ± 0.01 | 0.54 ± 0.01 | 0.58 ± 0.01 |