Rational and evolutionary engineering of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for production of dicarboxylic acids from lignocellulosic biomass and exploring genetic mechanisms of the yeast tolerance to the biomass hydrolysate

Table 2 Number of small mutations (SNPs + INDELs) found in the evolved strains compared to the parent and mapped to either the whole reference S288c genome, the plasmid sequences that were introduced to engineer the parent strain to consume xylose, or the non-S288 genes which are present in Ethanol Red, respectively

	Total	In Reference S. cerevisiae Genome^a			In inserted plasmids^b			Ethanol Red-specific genes^c
		All	AA-changes	Genes with AA-changes	All	AA-changes	Genes with AA-changes	All	AA-changes	Genes with AA-changes
All mutations	2255	2188	663	380	26	2	2	40	20	8
In YE + SSL	1342	1290	405	246	23	2	2	28	14	5
In MM + SSL	1947	1899	554	307	26	1	1	22	9	4
Shared	1034	1001	297	170	23	1	1	10	3	1
New variants	188	177	101	85	8	2	2	2	0	0
In YE + SSL	98	90	57	48	7	2	2	0	0	0
In MM + SSL	116	106	56	49	8	1	1	2	0	0
Shared	26	19	12	11	7	1	1	0	0	0
LOH events	2067	2011	562	295	18	0	0	38	20	8
In YE + SSL	1244	1200	348	198	16	0	0	28	14	5
In MM + SSL	1831	1793	498	258	18	0	0	20	9	4
Shared	1008	982	285	159	16	0	0	10	3	1

ISSN: 2731-3654