Fig. 7

FPAase activities in RUT-C30, Δdmm2, and pCdmm2 incubated in shake-flask cultures with Avicel (A) and lactose (B). The activity was determined in pH 5.0 at 50 °C. All error bars indicate mean ± SEM (n = 3 samples) from the same experiment. Asterisks indicate significant differences from the parental strain RUT-C30 (*P < 0.05) based on one-way analysis of variance