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Fig. 4 | Biotechnology for Biofuels and Bioproducts

Fig. 4

From: Improvement of 1,3-propanediol production from crude glycerol by co-cultivation of anaerobic and facultative microbes under non-strictly anaerobic conditions

Fig. 4

The flux distribution of glycerol metabolism at different mono-culture and synthetic co-culture in batch fermentation. aThe CB mono-culture with N2 supply at 0.2 vvm for 3 h; bThe CB mono-culture with N2 supply at 0.02 vvm for 3 h; cThe KP mono-culture without N2 supply; dThe CB:KP co-culture with N2 supply at 0.02 vvm for 3 h; eThe CB:EC co-culture with N2 supply at 0.02 vvm for 3 h; fThe CB:KP:EC co-culture with N2 supply at 0.02 vvm for 3 h

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