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Fig. 2 | Biotechnology for Biofuels and Bioproducts

Fig. 2

From: Model-based driving mechanism analysis for butyric acid production in Clostridium tyrobutyricum

Fig. 2

In silico analysis of the coupling metabolic relationship and acetate assimilation metabolic pattern in C. tyrobutyricum. A The effects of increased the specific butyrate production rate on the metabolic characteristics. The changes in specific production rates for the major product (left), the turnover rates of NADH, ATP, NADPH, and reduced ferredoxin (middle), and the key reaction fluxes (right) are shown. B The effect of regulating the specific acetate production rate on the metabolic characteristics (a negative value for the specific acetate production rate indicates acetate assimilation and a positive value indicates production). The changes in production rates for the major product (left), turnover rates of NADH, ATP, NADPH, and reduced ferredoxin (middle), and the key reaction fluxes (right) are shown. C Schematic of the coupling metabolic pathways for butyrate synthesis. Some metabolic pathways are labeled with the corresponding gene names and reaction IDs. Gene name and abbreviation: ack: acetate kinase; bcd: butyryl-CoA dehydrogenase; cat1: butyryl-CoA/acetate-CoA transferase; crt: crotonase; etf: electron-transferring flavoprotein; hbd: β-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase; hydA: hydrogenase; ldh: lactate dehydrogenase, pta: phosphotransacetylase; pfor: pyruvate: ferredoxin oxidoreductase; pfl: pyruvate formate-lyase; thl: thiolase; ATPase: FoF1 ATPase; RnfA-E: Rnf complex

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