Table 2 Challenges and disadvantages for downstream process using different parts of sweet sorghum as a feedstock

Grain

Starch

Rich phenolic compounds

Reduced microbial productivity

[14]

Juice

Sucrose, glucose, and fructose

High-viscosity, difficult to long-term preservation, complex components

Reduced microbial productivity, easy contamination, poor dissolve oxygen

[22,23,24]

Bagasse

Lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose

Complex and costly pretreatment

Generation of different inhibitors, the sugar loss

[25]