Fig. 1
From: Improved energy efficiency in microbial fuel cells by bioethanol and electricity co-generation
a Schematic diagram of yeast microbial fuel cell. b Regulation of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolic pathway to accumulate excess electrons in the yeast cell. Knockdown of genes associated with NAD(P)H depletion in yeast cells (marked in red), specifically lactate dehydrogenase genes dld1, dld2, dld3 in the pyruvate metabolism and genes associated with depletion of reduced coenzymes in the citric acid cycle including mitochondrial malic enzyme mae, malate dehydrogenase mdh1, mdh2, mdh3, NADP-specific isocitrate dehydrogenases idp1, idp2, idp3, old yellow enzyme oye2, oye3.