Fig. 3
From: Synthetic methylotrophic yeasts for the sustainable fuel and chemical production
Metabolic access points of synthetic and native methylotrophic pathways into glycolytic yeast metabolism. Shown is the metabolic overlap of named methylotrophic and glycolytic pathway architectures to funnel C1 substrates like methanol into central carbon metabolism as main target of synthetic methylotrophy. Depicted methylotrophic pathways are limited to the main important variants. Orange diamond marks the connection of RuMP cycle with formaldehyde assimilation via the regenerated pentose. Metabolite abbreviations are: G6P: glucose 6-phosphate; 6PGL: 6-phosphogluconolactone; RU5P: ribulose 5-phosphate; HU6P: hexulose 6-phosphate; R5P: ribose 5-phosphate; XU5P: xylulose 5-phosphate; S7P: sedoheptulose 7-phosphate; E4P: erythrose 4-phosphate; F6P: fructose 6-phosphate; F1,6BP: fructose 1,6-bisphosphate; G3P: glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate; DHA: dihydroxyacetone; DHAP: dihydroxyacetonephosphate; O2: molecular oxygen; CO2: molecular carbon dioxide; H2O: molecular water; H2O2: molecular hydrogen peroxide; NAD(P)+: oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate); NAD(P)H: reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate); ADP: adenosine diphosphate; ATP: adenosine triphosphate; NH3: molecular ammonia; Pi: inorganic phosphate