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Fig. 2 | Biotechnology for Biofuels and Bioproducts

Fig. 2

From: Tailor-made alkaliphilic and thermostable fungal laccases for industrial wood processing

Fig. 2

Shift of optimal pH and variations in thermal tolerance through enzyme engineering, and improvement of laccase activity. a First evolution pathway towards alkaliphilicity (7A12 lineage): parent 7A12, (white circles), RK6 (black inverted triangles), RK7 (white triangles), RK8 (black squares) and RK9 (white squares). b Second evolution pathway towards alkaliphilicity and thermophilicity (RY2 lineage): parent RY2 (white diamonds), Li9 (black diamonds), Li10 (white circles), Li11 (black squares), C-LeB (white squares), Mol2 (black circles) and Mol3 (black inverted triangles). Also shown is the activity profile of the original wild PM1 laccase (black circles). c T50 (10 min) of parent laccases 7A12 and RY2 and evolved variants selected during laccase directed evolution. d Activities detected in the liquid extracts of flask cultures of S. cerevisiae clones expressing the new alkaliphilic laccase variants from 7A12 (green) or RY2 (blue) lineages. Laccase activities were measured with DMP at pH 6 (light) and pH 8 (dark)

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