Table 1 Produced bioethanol, biodiesel and commercial diesel properties [6, 20]

Viscosity/mm²s⁻¹

1.24

3.52

2.39

ASTM D-445

Density (kg m⁻³)

0.8174

0.875

0.825

ASTM D-4052

Flashpoint (ºC)

8

4.03

55

ASTM D-93

Temperature of ignition (^oC)

365

273

265

ASTM D-1929–20

Heating value/ MJkg⁻¹

41.994

41.580

45.843

ASTM D-240

Point of cloud (ºC)

6

6

0

ASTM D-97

Cetane index

43

57

49

ASTM D-976