Table 3 Advantages and disadvantages of using biological pretreatment processes [119, 122, 138]
Advantages | Disadvantages |
|---|---|
Low capital investment as the bacteria and fungi are easily extracted from natural sources | Long microbial pretreatment time generally requires 15–20 days for maximum delignification of biomass |
Low energy requirement as it is incubated at 32 ℃ temperature hardly for 72 h | Lower content of soluble hydrolysate is obtained with an efficiency rate of 37–40% |
Efficient and environmentally safe as microbes used during the process are not hazardous as in the case of chemical and physiochemical pretreatment | Tardy rate of saccharification of LCBs as 30% lignin removal has occurred during bacterial action |