Table 4 Energy input and output for novel cost-efficient integrated processes for ethanol production from sweet sorghum stalks
Process | Input (MJ) | Output (MJ) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Smash | Electricity | 327.1 | Â | Â |
Preheat | Electricity | 80.6 | Â | Â |
| Â | Vapor | 58.6 | Â | Â |
Seed culture | Electricity | 147.4 | Â | Â |
| Â | Vapor | 58.6 | Â | Â |
Fermentation | Electricity | 209.2 | Â | Â |
| Â | Reaction heat | 502.0 | Â | Â |
Stripper | Electricity | 60.9 | Â | Â |
| Â | Steam | 7,561.3 | Ethanol | 20,163.0 |
Certification | Electricity | 65.3 | Lignin | 5,386.5 |
Enzymatic saccharification and fermentation | Electricity | 761.6 | Â | Â |
Distillation and separation | Electricity | 2,437.1 | Ethanol | 9,388.5 |
Other biorefinerya | Â | 380.8 | Â | Â |
Total | Â | 12,650.5 | Â | 34,938.0 |