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Table 1 Pretreatment performance in the static reactor and in the helically agitated reactor

From: Helically agitated mixing in dry dilute acid pretreatment enhances the bioconversion of corn stover into ethanol

Pretreatment conditions

Cellulose conversion (%)

Inhibitors in the pretreated CS (g/100 g DM)

Sugars in the pretreated CS (g/100 g DM)

Furfural

5-HMF

Acetate

Glucose

Xylose

O-Glu

O-Xyl

In helically agitated reactor

        

Case 1: 185°C, 2.0%, 3 minutes

77.55

0.18

0.09

0.58

0.48

5.34

0.72

8.45

Case 2: 185°C, 2.5%, 3 minutes

87.11

0.63

0.17

0.81

1.01

10.20

1.10

2.84

In no agitation reactor

        

Case 3: 190°C, 2.0%, 3 minutes

72.10

0.50

0.25

0.77

0.88

5.58

2.27

7.55

Case 4: 190°C, 2.5%, 3 minutes

85.10

0.90

0.21

1.20

1.58

8.02

1.57

4.29

  1. The data in the pretreatment conditions column indicate the pretreatment temperature, acid usage, and residual time, respectively. Experiments were carried out in duplicate and averaged to give the mean values. Enzymatic hydrolysis was carried out at 50°C, 15 FPU enzyme dosage, and 150 rpm agitation for 72 hours. 5-HMF, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural; CS, corn stover; DM, dry matter; FPU, filter paper unit; O-Glu, glucan oligomer; O-Xyl, xylan oligomer.