On-farm solid state simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of whole crop forage rice in wrapped round bale for ethanol production

Table 4 Composition of fresh, silage, and solid state fermented (SSF) materials of forage rice plants (cv. Tachisuzuka)

Composition (%) ^a	Fresh material	Silage	SSF product (residue)
Moisture	56.2	63.9	64.7
Weight loss^b	-	15.7	28.8
Cellulose^c,d	22.0	22.1 (18.6)^g	22.0 (15.7)
Hemicellulose^{d, e}	15.2	12.1 (10.2)	13.8 (9.8)
Lignin^d	2.9	3.4 (2.9)	4.0 (2.8)
Starch^d	18.9	20.2 (17.0)	5.3 (3.8)
Hexose^f	5.4	0.4 (0.3)	7.6 (5.4)
Xylose	0.0	0.5 (0.4)	1.7 (1.2)
Lactic acid	0.0	2.4 (2.0)	3.4 (2.4)
Total carbon	34.34	37.29 (31.44)	36.77 (26.20)
Total nitrogen	0.47	0.73 (0.62)	1.08 (0.77)
Carbon:nitrogen	72.9	51.4	34.1
pH	5.68	4.17	4.00

^aPercent by dry matter.
^bWeight loss by dry matter during fermentation process (Table 1).
^cAcid detergent fiber (ADF) - lignin.
^dComposition analysis was carried out by Japan Food Research Laboratories.
^eNeutral detergent fiber (NDF) - ADF.
^fGlucose + fructose + sucrose.
^gNumbers in parentheses indicate the composition (%) × (100 - weight loss (%))/100.

ISSN: 2731-3654