Fig. 6

Biosynthesis pathway to produce advanced biofuels of fatty alcohols using fatty acid intermediates. Advanced biofuels: fatty alcohols product from carbon chain extension of fatty acid synthesis. Mechanistically, carbon chain extension relies on acetyl-CoA as the primary carbon source in the fatty acid synthetic pathway via ATP-dependent carboxylation into malonyl-CoA. Acyl units are then provided for carbon elongation by cycles of decarboxylative addition of malonyl-CoA. accABCD acetyl-CoA carboxylase; acrI acyl-CoA reductase; asd aspartate semialdehyde dehydrogenase; atfA acyltransferase; fabA hydroxydecanoyl-ACP dehydrase; fabB ketoacyl-ACP synthase I; fabD malonyl-CoA-ACP transacylase; fabF ketoacyl-ACP synthase II; fabG ketoacyl-ACP reductase; fabH ketoacyl-ACP synthase III; fabI enoyl-ACP reductase; fabZ hydroxyacyl-ACP dehydratase; CER4 fatty acyl-CoA reductase acyl-CoA synthetase; FAEE fatty acid ethyl ester; Ac-CoA acetylCoA; ACP acyl carrier protein; CoA coenzyme A