Table 2 Advanced biofuels using reverse β-oxidation intermediates

1-Hexanol

E. coli [170], S. cerevisiae [171]

yiaY, eutG, and betA,ACoAR,ADH

S. cerevisiae

β-oxidation

2-Ketoisovalerate

1,3-Diols

E. coli [172]

fadB,bktB, phaB,NADPH-dependent acetoacetyl-CoA reductase,butyraldehyde dehydrogenase

Megasphaera elsdenii, Ralstonia eutropha

β-oxidation

Trans-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA

Butanol

E. coli [27], S. cerevisiae [173]

Enoyl-CoA hydratase

S. cerevisiae, Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum,

β-oxidation

2-Keto-4-methylvalerate