Table 2 Typical feedstock and carbon sources for polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) production
Feedstock | Description | Biomass | Carbon source (SCFAs) | Maximum PHA content of the biomass | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Soft drink industrial wastewater | Uncoupled carbon and nitrogen feeding | MMC | acetic acid | 25% | [120] |
Fruit waste | Uncoupled carbon and nitrogen Feeding Strategy with different OLRs and SRTs | MMC | butyric acid > acetic acid > propionic acid | 69% | [121] |
Co-digestion of cheese whey and brewery wastewater | Influence of the feedstock mix ratio | MMC | acetic acid > butyric acid > propionic acid > valeric acid | 50% | [40] |
Co-digestion of cheese whey and sewage sludge | PHAs production from an effluent rich in caproic acid | MMC | caproic acid > acetic acid > butyric acid > valeric acid | 32.5% | [41] |
Wastewater of a potato-starch factory | A pilot-scale integrated into a food-industry effluent biological treatment | MMC | cetic acid > butyric acid | 45% | [122] |
Molasses waste | Study of pyruvate supplementation for the PHAs production | MMC | butyric acid > acetic acid > propionic acid | 53.6% | [123] |
Juices from fruit pulp | Production of a ter-polymer enriched in 3-hydroxyhexanoate (HHx) | MMC | caproic acid > butyric acid > acetic acid > valeric acid > propionic acid | 71.3% | [124] |
Cooked mussel processing wastewater | PHAs production at low pH and high salt | MMC | acetic acid > butyric acid > propionic acid > valeric acid, proteins | 40.9% | [125] |
Waste sludge | PHAs production with acid or alkaline sludge pretreatment | MMC | acetic acid > propionic acid > butyric acid > valeric acid | 60.3% | [126] |